During the late 1940s or early 1950s, builders in many areas of North America switched to planed 2x4s that measure 1.5" x 3.5". It's fairly common to see stucco-clad buildings in California without any sheathing, and clapboard siding was often installed directly on the studs in many older wood-framed buildings in the Northeast, especially in rural areas. Others say that their 2x4 walls have the same insulation value as the 2x6's, as some builders of the 2x6 walls don't put enough insulation in them. The interior boards may have been an experiment in putting the sheathing on the interior so it could double as lath. Im surprised the thing is still standing. The edges of the studs are coated with liquid glue and pre-cut panels, which will become the inside wall of the house, are stapled into place. The most recent changes to Chapter 30B occurred on August 9, 2016, when the Governor signed An Act Modernizing Municipal Finance and Government. Then a bunch of American entrepreneurial inventor types came up with machines that could make nails very fast and very cheap. Exterior horizontal sheathing boards and weatherboards removed. The only significant changes since have been better tools (skill saws, nail guns) and platform framing which we got in the 1950s. Amazing, but true. are cut and the electrical boxes installed. Big wood rats get up there, and I really need to get it sealed off..my floors get cold! Performance & security by Cloudflare. In the following paragraphs, I will go through the construction process. Any idea why they would have used barnboard then plaster then lath then plaster again and no exterior sheathing? Mobile homes manufactured in 1976 or later were built to much higher standards required by the HUD (US Government Dept. This design using R-15 wall insulation passes the Michigan Energy CodeWhat? In America, the first mobile homes were built in the 1870s. he I exterior walls our made up of 2*2 squares, not the 2+4 studs as we were told.Where can we get the plans on how our Mobile Home was really put together? when did 2x6 construction start in canadamapei grout frost vs warm gray. I am of the opinion that necessity is the mother of all invention and that has principally driven the evolution of wood frame design. It looks like it might be the tow bar but ive really no idea. 1930's construction, I'd have to assume furring strips, but do as Dirt suggests and look behind an outlet. Ill buy all of this except for the part that the clapboards weatherboarding idea originated in New England. 2x4 construction: $3.00 sq/ft- 2x4 construction and use 3" of closed cell foam in the cavity. The function of the house wrap in this wall assembly is both rainwater control and a contribution to the assembly air tightness. In our town there is a big debate about exterior walls. A Surprising Financial Study of 2x6 Construction, I have been in the energy business for the last 12 years or so in one capacity or another. tami hendersonPlease help me. How come they look the way that they do? Return the toilet as defective and try a different one? The wall frames were often infilled with vertical planks along with a whole bunch of other stuff. The heartland around 1800 did not have many skilled carpenters or stonemasons or skilled anything. The manufacturer is not responsible for damage in transit or what happens on the dealers lot. It is faster and cheaper to build and it provides a 5.5-inch cavity for insulation rather than a 3.5 inch cavity. Put 14 strips on ceiling (ripped to 3 to match 5/8 by 3 decorative trim. How much weight could the ceiling bear.PaulBad idea (Using the ceiling). Last year, a sharp drop . The cost is minimal compared to the benefits. This vertical wood siding weather protection technology made an early appearance in Canada with log piece sur piece buildings constructed by the Hudsons Bay Company.3 In England the practice was to install the weatherboards horizontally in the form of clapboards. Clapboards were traditionally riven boards in that they were split totheir appropriate thickness. This technology subsequently made its way to New England with the colonists.4. Photograph 4: Waltrop HouseGermany, 1400, wattle-and-daub infill panels with an exposed timber frame. It seems to me the insurance company shouldnt need to know anything else. They can pull the trap a long way before they stop moving. If the grooves are seated properly and care is taken to make sure the panels are lined up before they are nailed in place, the materials themselves produce nice straight edges. Holes have already been cut in these sheets for the water and drain line penetrations. The interior wood lath and plaster began to be replaced with plaster covered plasterboard lath in the 1930s and then with gypsum wallboard in the 1950s. The humidifier was removed with the old furnace, but is the cause the crawlspace caused ACH (its closed but not airtight to the rest of the house) or is there some other method that humidity is being stripped? Mobile home tires are inflated to 2.5 times the usual pressure so blowouts are not uncommon. In Old Norse load bearing posts were called stafr which gave rise to the term stave construction. The financing is easier, buyers appreciate quality work, etc.Good luckTiaThank you for your answer. Were houses insulated in the 1950s? Does water back up anywhere? I am in Alaska, so also intend to put vertical 2 x 4s in the interior walls, and insulate the hell out of this place!! Boring, but true. Most will assume the homeowner wont look in any case and wont know what to expect if he does.It might be worth spending a few dollars to buy an electrical outlet tester. There are 4 ways to pass the code: Prescriptive- Do exactly what the code recommends. so I wouldnt recommend it.If you do decide to cut an opening into the ceiling of a closet or other hidden space I would suggest attaching a strong cord to the trap. Liquid glue is spread on the top of the floor joists and frame members, and sheets of tongue-and-groove plywood or OSB are nailed in place. Assembly. Im not sure of the construction but would guess there is nothing solid at that point to lag to. Daniel OwensAlso my attic is not vented. If so will it empty if you try to run it?The problem has to be close to the sink.Paul. CathyWe have a 92 Palm Harbor double-wide mobile home. My house measures just over 8 which indicates my house has 2x6 studs with sheetrock & stucco covering the studs themselves. The new roof extends over both the trailer and the addition. ft The energy savings from building with 2x6 are minimal and dont outweigh the costs, saving about $.02 per sq/ft living space or $41 per year. Scope Construct framed walls using advanced framing details like using the minimum amount of wall studs permitted by code to reduce thermal bridging and allow more space for insulation. Wilton sellerscheck and make sure your dryer duct is vented to the outside of your home.If it is not moister from your dryer could affect your floor if you have any belly board or insulation missing. The metal track attached to the 2x 6 board weighs approximately 25lbs and will span a distance of 5 at the top of the wall next to the ceiling. (better) code is good. That could include lime deposits, mold, damp smell, etc. Fundamental questions that should be asked as they tell us who we are. You would do well to read them carefully and be prompt and persistent if you see something that needs to be taken care of. c. 30, and M.G.L. It would make sense in some of the circumstances she describes.If you have the skills & energy, I think your efforts would be much more rewarded & rewarding if you applied them to a handyman stite built home. The door will weigh approximately 40lbs. Quite understand. Sits on Jacks that sit on dirt. As fast as the interior walls are placed, the pre-made cabinets, counters, etc. Everyone who has done home renovation or repair projects knows that. We simply use 1"x6" lumber to frame around the door. These are much the same as any site-built home. In terms of cavity insulation we are seeing a trend away from fiberglass batts to spray applied systems. You can look at the pdf for wind rules and anything else you might want to see. $1.00 sq/ft- Insulate with R-21 fibrous material. Carpet is installed, windows are caulked, interior doors are hung, etc. There are variations from factory to factory, but the homes are all built the same way. with the additional lath and plaster added after they had trouble wit the plaster sticking. Was mostly effective with the sheetrock sage , but still had variations with the differences with the ceiling trusses. It will be 51/2 inches if you have 2-by-6-inch studs and 3 1/2 inches if you have 2-by-4-inch studs. So check your rough sawn boards. There is a really nice discussion of this on Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stave_church). To keep the posts from rotting it was found that you could support them on stones and from there it was found the posts could be supported on a raised sill frame resting on lots of stones and from there we got rubble foundations. Should I do anything? Photograph 1: Stave ChurchBorgund, Laerdal, Norway, 12th Century. A profession repair would have sealed that damage so mice, bugs, cats, or coons dont have easy access to the subfloor area. The homes were moved by teams of horses. I really dont want to tear down the existing ceiling and start over. I'm going to guess that the heyday for brick foundations was 1890 to 1935. In addition to continuous charts, the collection includes thousands of single-contract historical price charts that cover individual contract months from years past. It is not in good shape, so I am wanting to gut it completely down to its metal shell and studs and remodel the inside completely. This continuous historical price chart for Lumber futures (LB, CME) is part of a huge collection of historical charts that covers decades of North America futures / commodity trading. Ok, so lets talk about the ways you can pass the code in Michigan. 110 sheets. It seems like a huge expense. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. Sears Roebuck Co. sold over 500,000 pre-fabricated homes between 1910 and the 1940. Is this a split-top Roubo, made with hard maple? They will dry out and start curling around the edges. It has recently been reskirted, and I still have to replace 8 windows and 3 doors! The dishwasher may be on the sink drain line but I dont know because I have never used it.PaulIf none of the other drains are having problems the blockage must be closer to the sink. Average U value- I have tried several times in ResCheck and could never get it to pass with 2x4 construction. So if you work where you are not on a direct line between a wall switch and a factory installed ceiling fixture you are probably OK.Obviously, I have no way to be certain of that. Trusses are nailed to perimeter 2 x 4s and held in place by wood strips at the centerline and at a couple of other places. Setup can raise tough issues because of the number of organizations involved. Big posts or staves take a lot of work and use up timber so folks started to set them farther and farther apart. The temptation will be to ship them anyhow. Wattle-and-daub has a lime plaster coating. Now you have me wondering if the weight of a fully tiled shower stall is comparable to the original tub filled with water? #11. The price of nails fell so fast that by the 1850s nails cost less in Chicago than the tax on European nails. "The move up [in lumber prices] was quick and . I MIGHT have water before winter sets in this year.PaulGood luck with all that.I find it hard to imagine making a mobile home weather tight in your climate.Paul. Work that took 15 minutes in the factory becomes a two man, two-day job for service. A 2x4 wood fame with studs at 16 inch centers with 1 inch thick board sheathing installed horizontally (sometimes diagonally if any adults were involved or if there was access to a structural engineer) on the exterior and wood lath and plaster on the interior. I would be a little concerned about weight. Sometimes, depending on the siding that will be applied, the wire is covered with shields to prevent a nail from being driven through it when siding is applied. In addition the walls rest on the very end of the outriggers so weight their puts the maximum stress (leverage) onto the support system. If you have any type of blueprint to a trailer that old I would greatly appreciate it.ThanksPaulIm not an engineer, and have never seen any plans that show how such an opening must be supported. 2x6 construction homeimprovementdiva 13 years ago What is better 16 O.C. Curtis StubbsHello I have a 1979 70 x 14 Palm House built by Palm Harbor. However, they are more fragile than site built homes so make a commitment to stay on top of maintenance if you decide to make this purchase.Best wishes,Paul. Now suppose an electrical breaker blows whenever the AC comes on. Home is in excellent condition. This is my first time living in a Mobile home so please forgive my ignorance in this question: I would like to have a party here but am unsure how many people I can invite because of the extra weight on the floor in the main area (front room, kitchen). when did 2x6 construction start in canada. Balloon framing using dimensional lumber and manufactured nails was so revolutionary that a balloon framed Illinois cottage was displayed at the Paris Exhibition of 1867 as a display of American technological prowess.8Site built stick framing proved to be so fast and so efficient that it dominates residential wood-frame construction worldwide to this day. Walls. I too wanted to mention the in between size with the added 1/8". The frame wall is undergoing another revolution (okay, it just seems that way because not much has changed in 150 years) - a 2x6 frame at 24-inch centers and single top and bottom plates is likely to replace the conventional 2x4 frame. Do you have a idea for me it would be helpful thanks! The answer to your question varies from location to location. And it gives extra room in the walls for insulation, plumbing pipes and electrical fixtures. Lets look at some insulation options relative to a baseline of 2x4 with R-15 batt: The cost to build with 2x4 prescriptively is extremely high, adding up to $6,264 in costs. If you have lots of wood available to you, why use wattle-and-daub infill? Mobile homes are built to handle snow loads and other stresses, so there may be enough strength to do what you plan, especially since what you describe spreads out the load.It may not apply in your case, but many mobile home owners dont realize the walls are supported on outriggers which are not designed to hold extra weight either. Manufactured home wallboards range in thickness from 5/16" to ". I have replaced floors because of this. AlisonMatt, Im wanting to do the same thing. herberton railway tunnel. Was any wind strapping used then? jamiePaul I have a 1969 Marlette. It appears it may have been custom or a higher end home, as it has framing that meets residential code, i.e., 3/4-inch plywood flooring, 24 framing on 16-inch centers, heavy insulation, etc. Can I removed the roof and build a whole new one cathedral style?PaulThat would be a really bad idea. Mrs. OLearys cow helped. In April, new housing starts backed off 8% from a 14-year high set in March 2021; however, that level of construction is up 67% from its bottom in April 2020 and up 22% from April 2019. MonaHi Paul,Thank you for the very informative site. Even homes with so called permanent foundations have a gap between the bottom of the mobile home wall and the top of the foundation.Leslie FayThanks for the advice/information!!! It has a crimped galvanized sheet metal roof. The cavity is empty. Up and down saws leave straight lines nearly perpendicular to the board. Dont want to be drilling through wires. Now lets talk about the code. When I walk carefully around on it, it seems to only have trusses about four feet apart. Left the flat metal in place. Great builders add 2.5 inches of closed-cell foam to the headers over windows and doors to help cut down on energy bills. If you will have to hire all the work done, it will get expensive fast.I hope this doesnt come across as totally negative. An 8 x 8-inch nominal board is actually 7 x 7 inches. if you want a power boat without wood at all, there are many now using engineered stringers or stringer tubs. While I can take or leave 'Stumpy Nubs' brand of humor, I thought this was pretty good - a Roubo-style workbench made from 2x6 construction lumber, complete with dogs and spots for holdfasts. PROBLEMS - Over time, the shingles will succumb to the weather. Even more sophisticated are insulating sheathings that combine not only the functions of a sheathing and housewrap but also provide thermal resistance (really, they are sophisticated even though these products were first introduced in the 1950s). In addition, some homes built between 1967? Artificial Wood is a composite material made using wood byproducts, such as wood chips or sawdust, and . I just found this site, but the Q&As have no date stamps, so I cant tell how old they are.I have a 2004 Fleetwood 14 X 70 mobile home. You might try this link for starters and see if you have better luck http://archives.hud.gov/offices/hsg/sfh/ref/sfhp1-8d.cfmWhat it comes down to is that if your home has the HUD sticker on it, it met the standards when it was built. Mobile homes only one. I appreciate your quick responses. Police in Albuquerque recently clocked some homes going through a construction zone at 65MPH. Her roof is leaking. We have extremely hard water. Ceilings. I would like to put a gun safe in. Cavity wall insulation was first introduced during the 1970s, becoming compulsory in the 1990s for all new UK buildings. Any idea what this thing sticking out from under the trailer could be and if it is a serious problem?PaulWithout a picture I cant be sure, but on older mobile homes the hitch was frequently left in place and the skirting cut to fit around it. I beams and supports are rusted underneath but still solid. I am not looking to sell it, I have owned the property and mobile home for the last 14 years and lived in it for 5 of those years before I moved away. Some saging of sheetrock ceiling -no cracks. 2x6 construction is common in colder climates. Your ceiling work also added weight to the walls. Frequently they left the wheels and axles under the home too. Note the weaving of the wattle. What needs to be done would depend on what cause the house to get out of level. Our home is on a poured concrete basement that still looks good and solid. Is there? As wood frame building technology evolved the timber frames tended to get completely covered with lath-and-daub thereby protecting the timber frame. For many years now new mobile homes have been required to meet HUD standards for wind resistance. Should I worry about all of the extra weight added to the roof? These headers are 7 1/4" wide, and 3 1/2" thick, so they work nicely in a 2x4 wall. The pay back on 2x8 construction in years VS $ would not be worth it. The standards that must be met depend on where the home will be located. I basically gutted the interior.I hung drywall on the ceilings and all walls 1/2 aprox. Of course that is seldom done because it takes more time and materials. I had a roofer (who has worked on mobile homes) tell me that he can remove the metal roof, lay OSB, and install a rubber sealed roofing material. How long has it been since the last rent increase? Mobile homes have to cope with water beds, pianos, etc. Maybe for a while? It sounds like your house was built with attention to air sealing. Think about it, we did not change the I-Codes to require building paper for all houses until after 2000 less than a decade ago. The function of the OSB sheathing is support for the siding, shear resistance for the 2x4 frame and a contribution to the assembly air tightness. It may be well worth it, depending on your needs and where you live. They also dont waste a lot of time tacking wire to the studs inside the walls. March 4, 2022. Specify 24-inch on-center for 2x6 wall framing rather than 16-inch on-center 2x4 wall framing. Cut the 4 x 4 to a length that makes a tight fit between the top of the block and the bottom of the wall. 2x4 studs are used for interior walls. You might find this link entertaining http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2003/JackGreen.shtmlI suppose one of them could find a small soft spot but even that seems unlikely.Enjoy your party.Paul, Manufactured home warranties Mobile homes come with warranties. Ive been patching and sealing the metal roof and removing the rust. We have a very large collection of books that are placed in teak bookcases which are also very heavy. The 5/16" thickness used to be the most popular measurement for Paper On Gypsum (POG) wallboards, but the majority of new Clayton homes with POG wallboards are now 3/8". My question is ,Am I adding to much weight to this home.It was built in 1983(?). Your professional opinion would be greatly appreciated.PaulI think that would be a REALLY big mistake!DwightThanks Paul. Is it advisable to plug the end of the ribs of the 5 rib strips. Hired a civil engineer who told me it would meet residential building codes with these few changes. We have installed 16 pine tongue and groove boards around the house to give it a cabin feel. ERI- There is a requirement when using the ERI method that mandates you follow the 2009 prescriptive code, no exceptions, which requires R-20 wall cavity or R-5 continuous and R-13 cavity. Where can I find the H U D code for 1998 code for the attachments? Homes built prior to 1976 had only one or two inches of insulation wrapped around the walls, floor and ceiling, 2 x 2 or 2 x 3 studs, uninsulated air ducts in the floor and ceiling, no ceiling vapor barrier, and jalousie windows. Performance- I have passed using several different home designs. It may be best for me to install a complete shower kit and be on the safe side. They're inset on the floor with dado cuts that securely join the floor and walls. Pre-assembled water and sewer lines and the ductwork for heat/AC are dropped in. This is when protective mats are taken off the vinyl and any damage discovered. I would prefer not to post that kind of personal information, i apologize, I've tried what i can think of, its balloon framed, brick basement walls, made with barn board walls, its the first time i have seen plaster-lath-plaster,barnboard (1.5in thick barnboard), 2x4, (no exterior sheathing) exterior wood siding and vinyl siding (added on top about 10 years ago) ), or even to the plywood, and leave the 22s exposed and paint them. To understand this we need to look both at the plank infill and the other stuff used as infill. These were movable beach-front properties built in the Outer Banks region of North Carolina. My question is since I didnt have plywood before, wouldnt the added weight be too much for the frame?PaulIm not qualified to answer your question since I am not an engineer. Snap traps sometimes catch a mouse or other animal as they walk by and dont kill immediately. Michael kelseyI have a 2003 champion double wide that was just set up and do not have power to the master bedroom and den. Photograph 3: Wattle-and-DaubThis is a timber frame house in Wales, United Kingdom, with the wattle-and-daub exposed. The answer to your question varies from location to location. Become a GBA Prime member and get full access to GBA articles, enyclopedia, videos, CAD library, and more. How did we keep the water out of all those buildings before the use of building paper? "Was there a time when brick foundation walls were in general use or is that also variable?". Vinyl is put in place and stapled around the edges (no adhesive). Could you add extra supports that are resting on the wall & marriage line? Explore if there is a path to code compliance with 2x4 construction. Installing electrical boxes and running wire is the process most likely to disturb the insulation. Roofing. It is on concrete pillarsPaulIs that feet or inches? Alan, Saw marks don't photograph well; but the lower part of the photo is clear enough to tell it was cut by a circular saw mill. Im wondering if my electrical connection is under the trailer or in the walls? With the posts or staves getting farther and farther apart horizontal clapboards or weatherboards needed intermediate support between these principal vertical load bearing members and this lead to the introduction of smaller vertical posts spaced more closely together between the larger bigger posts (Photograph 2). Horizontal timber (or log) construction was introduced to North America by the French; as such it is not a distinct New World technology. It is fastened at one end and then stretched from the other. That equates to $.98 per sq/ft of living space. G.LeeMy son had a 1992 single wide set up on my parents farm, which I bought to live in it while I cared for aging parents. Then plywood began to be replaced with oriented stand board (OSB) in the 1970s. Does this sound feasible? The cost to build with 2x6 is also high and at a minimum adds $2,149.90 to the cost of the build, even more if you upgrade your insulation. 1949 National Trailer: 1949 National Trailer The marks of a larger circular saw will look nearly straight on a small board but will run across at a noticeable angle.. TomPaul,I hope youre still around. Ive had several spots that leaked due to snow on the roof (I live in Iowa and the polar vortex last year wasnt easy on my roof). I would like to cover the floors with plywood and then install wood floors I know I will have to do some shimming. Many years ago I called the factory where the mobile home was made, but what they sent me really did not show how this house was made.If you can help us get the plane we would appreciate it.Sincerely: TerryPaulI have never known anyone to have any luck getting plans to even new homes. I think it would probably even be cheaper since you would not have the costs of working on the existing roof. With the exception of spray foams, all the cavity insulations were convection suppressors with some radiation control properties they were not air barriers. Air tightness came from either sealing the interior lining (gypsum board) or sealing the exterior sheathing or sealing the polymer-based exterior building paper (more recently typically referred to as house wrap). Im hoping we can have more of a cathedral ceiling on the trailer, a beam separating the trailer and addition, and the cathedral ceiling on the addition side. The place was the American Midwest and the time was the first part of the 19th century. As I was researching this project I ran across a similar study on a 2,350 sq/ft house with similar details and the author came up with a total cost increase of $1,951.56 or $.83 per sq/ft of living space. http://info.turnerandsonhomes.com/blog/cost-to-build-a-house-2x6-walls. The technology of timber framing dates back to pre-Roman times and everyone claims it as their own Japan, England, Scotland, Denmark, Norway, France, Germany.2Timber framing involved big pieces of wood held together with pegs and interlocking joints (mortise and tenon). This study was conducted to reveal the truth about the energy savings from 2x6 construction. When Chicago burned down in 1871 it needed to be rebuilt. My problem is where the carport is attached has pulled away and drooped. PaulHi Paul; I want to add a 30x16 porch to a 12x65 trailer, will the outside wall sustain the roofweight or should Iuse 44 under the 2x6x30 board?PaulDont add ANY weight to the home! Average U value- Beef up insulation in some areas so you can skimp in others as long as the average U-Vale is the same or better than a reference house. Pre-cut floor joists are then nailed in place. I am of course talking about walls. The two ends are still solid but also starting to pull away.PaulWork with the idea you want things to touch firmly, but NOT add any weight anywhere. No manufacturer would pay for even an extra foot of drain line. It wasn't until 1953 that the TCMA finally changed its name to the Mobile Home Manufacturers of America and began focusing on bigger and better homes for full-time living. HOME; INTERIORS; EXTERIORS; OFFICE & PORTRAITS; PUBLICITY/EVENTS; CONSTRUCTION; INFO Trim strips can cover a multitude of things quickly and cheaply. I see the industry standard wall for most of North America circa 2015 being 2x6 advanced frame at 24-inch centers with exterior foam insulating sheathing and a spray applied cavity insulation lined with gypsum board (Photograph 5). Start Off Strong With Dimensional Lumber Dimensional lumber refers to softwood lumber that has been milled on all sides to common sizes, including 2 by 4, 2 by 8, 2 by 10 and 2 by 12. ft. home, also is it just a matter of tightening the piers that are loose?PaulI dont know that there is any reason to re-level unless you notice problems. The nails, screws and glue used in assembly are essential. When they delivered newer homes they started pulling the axels when they set the home. Look through How Your Home Was Built and then go to the mobile home Setup post to see exactly who all the players are. Sound attenuation is a big one, a more even heating and cooling experience, the look of deep sills and structural stability.